Oshada
Submit a manuscript
Articles

The Effectiveness of an App-Based Tele-Monitoring Intervention Program in Controlling Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension

Authors

  • Elisa Anggraini Akbid Jakarta Mitra Sejahtera
  • Nanda Shafhira Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Harapan Ibu Jambi
Published October 29, 2026 pp. 50-61 doi.org/10.62872/o.v3i5.647 CC BY-SA 4.0
PDF

Abstract

Hypertension remains one of the leading modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease, yet blood pressure (BP) control rates achieved through conventional outpatient follow-up remain persistently low. Mobile health (mHealth) tele-monitoring applications that link home BP measurement with automated feedback and remote clinician support have been proposed as a scalable strategy to strengthen self-management between clinic visits. This study evaluated the effectiveness of an app-based tele-monitoring intervention program on BP control, medication adherence, and self-efficacy among patients with hypertension. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design with a non-equivalent control group was used, involving 108 hypertensive patients recruited from primary care settings and randomly allocated to an 8-week app-based tele-monitoring program (n = 54) or usual care (n = 54); 97 participants (48 intervention, 49 control) completed follow-up. The intervention combined daily home BP transmission, automated behavior-change reminders, and weekly nurse tele-feedback. The intervention group showed significantly greater reductions in systolic BP (−18.2 vs. −5.8 mmHg) and diastolic BP (−10.8 vs. −4.3 mmHg) than the control group, alongside greater gains in medication adherence and self-efficacy (all p < .01), and a higher proportion achieving BP control (70.8% vs. 34.7%). App-based tele-monitoring produced clinically meaningful improvements in BP control beyond usual care and may be a feasible adjunct to hypertension management in primary care.

Keywords

mHealthhypertensionself-management

References

  1. Abe, M., Hirata, T., Morito, N., Kawashima, M., Yoshida, S., Takami, Y., Fujimoto, T., Kawasoe, S., Shibukawa, T., Segawa, H., Yamanokuchi, T., Ishida, S., Takahashi, K., Tada, K., Kato, Y., Sakima, A., & Arima, H. (2024). Smartphone application-based intervention to lower blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hypertension Research, 48, 492–505. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-024-01939-6
  2. Ajayi, S. A.-O., & Akanji, O. O. (2025). Efficacy of mobile health apps in blood pressure control in USA. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation, 6(4), 211–216. https://doi.org/10.54660/.ijmrge.2025.6.4.211-216
  3. Babatunde, A. O., Ogundijo, D. A., Afolayan, A.-G. O., Awosiku, O. V., Aderohunmu, Z. O., Oguntade, M. S., Alao, U. H., Oseni, A. O., Akintola, A. A., & Amusat, O. A. (2024). Mobile health technologies in the prevention and management of hypertension: A scoping review. Digital Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241277172
Show 23 more references
  1. Beger, C., Rüegger, D., Lenz, A., Wagner, S., Schmidt-Ott, K., Volland, D., & Limbourg, F. (2025). Effect of a digital blood pressure coach on hypertension management in primary care practices—A pragmatic, randomised controlled trial. Frontiers in Digital Health, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1516600
  2. Calderon-Anyosa, R., Tincopa, J.-P., Raza, M., & Carcamo, C. (2023). Randomized controlled trial of home telemonitoring of blood pressure with an adapted tensiometer with SMS capability. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 13(2), 440–449. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13020033
  3. Chen, C.-W., Lu, Y.-Y., Lin, L.-J., Liu, J.-H., Lee, M.-C., & Wu, S. (2025). Using a mobile application disease self-management program to promote blood pressure control and quality of life in patients with hypertension. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1097/cin.0000000000001296
  4. Gazit, T., Gutman, M., & Beatty, A. (2021). Assessment of hypertension control among adults participating in a mobile technology blood pressure self-management program. JAMA Network Open, 4(10), e2127008. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27008
  5. Ghavami, M., Abdshah, A., Sadeghian, S., Ahmadi, A., Jolani, M. S., Akbarzadeh, D., & Asgari, F. H. A. (2024). Effectiveness of the Green Heart smartphone application as a self-management intervention for hypertension and dyslipidemia: A randomized clinical trial. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 27(6), 313–322. https://doi.org/10.34172/aim.28501
  6. Hermansson-Borrebaeck, R., Fors, A., Bengtsson, U., Kjellgren, K., Calling, S., & Midlöv, P. (2025). Self-efficacy in hypertension management using e-health technology: A randomized controlled trial in primary care. Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14981
  7. Kaihara, T., Intan-Goey, V., Scherrenberg, M., Falter, M., Kario, K., Akashi, Y., & Dendale, P. (2022). Automatic transmission of home blood pressure data can be effective in managing hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. European Heart Journal – Digital Health, 3(4), 638–653. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjdh/ztac049
  8. Kalagara, R., Chennareddy, S., Scaggiante, J., Matsoukas, S., Bhimani, A., Smith, C., Putrino, D., Dangayach, N., Mocco, J., Schnipper, J., Auerbach, A., & Kellner, C. (2022). Blood pressure management through application-based telehealth platforms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Hypertension, 40(7), 1249–1256. https://doi.org/10.1097/hjh.0000000000003164
  9. Kassavou, A., Wang, M., Mirzaei, V., Shpendi, S., & Hasan, R. (2021). The association between smartphone app–based self-monitoring of hypertension-related behaviors and reductions in high blood pressure: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 10(7), e34767. https://doi.org/10.2196/34767
  10. Katz, M. E., Mszar, R., Grimshaw, A. A., Gunderson, C. G., Onuma, O. K., Lu, Y., & Spatz, E. S. (2024). Digital health interventions for hypertension management in US populations experiencing health disparities: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Network Open, 7(2), e2356070. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.56070
  11. Liu, F., Song, T., Yu, P., Deng, N., Guan, Y., Yang, Y., & Ma, Y. (2022). Efficacy of an mHealth app to support patients' self-management of hypertension: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25, e43809. https://doi.org/10.2196/43809
  12. Lobo, E., Karmakar, C., Abdelrazek, M., Abawajy, J., Chow, C., Zhang, Y., Kabir, M., Daryabeygi, R., Maddison, R., & Islam, S. (2023). Design and development of a smartphone app for hypertension management: An intervention mapping approach. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1092755
  13. Motta-Yanac, E., Riley, V., Ellis, N., Mankoo, A., & Gidlow, C. (2024). The digital prescription: A systematic review and meta-analysis of smartphone apps for blood pressure control. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 195, 105755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105755
  14. Niu, R., & Li, K. (2026). Systematic review of the impact of digital health technologies on blood pressure control and treatment adherence in young and middle-aged hypertensive patients. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1708019
  15. Polsook, R., & Aungsuroch, Y. (2024). The effect of a self-management programme on blood pressure levels among people with hypertension: A randomised controlled trial. Journal of Research in Nursing, 29(6), 452–466. https://doi.org/10.1177/17449871241261668
  16. Siopis, G., Moschonis, G., Eweka, E., Jung, J., Kwasnicka, D., Asare, B. Y.-A., Kodithuwakku, V., Willems, R., Verhaeghe, N., Annemans, L., Vedanthan, R., Oldenburg, B., & Manios, Y. (2023). Effectiveness, reach, uptake, and feasibility of digital health interventions for adults with hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. The Lancet Digital Health, 5(3), e144–e159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(23)00002-X
  17. Widyastuti, C. S., Dinarti, L. K., Aulawi, K., & Lazuardi, L. (2025). Effectiveness of mHealth on self-care profile and blood pressure among patients with hypertension in Indonesia: A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Belitung Nursing Journal, 11(3), 294–304. https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3760
  18. Xing, F., Guo, Y., Xia, N., Zhang, S., Yin, J., Qin, L., Zhu, C., Gao, Q., Jia, J., Zhao, Y., Qi, Y.-S., & Li, W. (2023). Mobile APP-assisted family physician program for improving blood pressure outcome in hypertensive patients. BMC Primary Care, 24, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-023-01965-2
  19. Yang, G., Zhang, N., Zhang, Y., Sa, R., & Zhao, L. (2026). Effectiveness of telemedicine interventions on blood pressure control and self-management efficacy in hypertensive patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Public Health, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1693141
  20. Yildirim Keskin, A., Ozpancar Solpan, N., & Degirmenci, H. (2025). The effect of mobile application follow-up on treatment compliance and self-care management in patients with hypertension: Randomized controlled trial. Public Health Nursing, 42(1), 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13476
  21. Yoon, M., Hur, T., Park, S.-J., Jo, S.-H., Kim, E., Kim, S.-J., Hussain, M., Hua, C.-H., Lee, S., & Choi, D. (2025). Self-monitoring of blood pressure and feedback via mobile app in treatment of uncontrolled hypertension: The SMART-BP randomized clinical trial. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.09.018
  22. Zhang, Y., Tan, X., & Wang, Q. (2023). Effectiveness of a mHealth intervention on hypertension control in a low-resource rural setting: A randomized clinical trial. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1049396
  23. Zhou, Y., Li, S., Huang, R.-Q., Haoming, Wang, A., Tang, X., Pei, R., & Piao, M. (2024). Behavior change techniques used in self-management interventions based on mHealth apps for adults with hypertension: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, e54978. https://doi.org/10.2196/54978

Copyright (c) 2026 Elisa Anggraini, Nanda Shafhira · CC BY-SA 4.0

O

My Account

Submit a manuscript